Management Specification For Assessing The Implementation Of The 92 Activities For Sustainable Forest Management At The National Level

International Tropical Timber Organisation (ITTO)
Forestry Department, Peninsular Malaysia (FDPM)
Criteria / Indicators
Activities
Management Specifications
Source / Remarks
A. The Forest Resource Base
  1. Comprehensive land use planning and provision for the Permanent Forest Estate (PFE).
 1.1+ Prepare land use plan.
  1. Land use map of scale 1 : 250,000.
  2. Depicts PFE, stateland forest, plantation forest, agriculture lands (crops), national parks and wildlife reserves, etc.
  3. Map updated once a year.
 Land Capability Classification, 1964.
  1. Present area of the PFE in relation to national goals and targets.
 2.1+ Identify the PFE.
  1. Forest resource map of scale 1 : 100,000.
  2. Depicts proposed and gazetted PFE, forest types, state land forest and the 11 functional use classes of the PFE.
  3. Map updated once a year.
 National Forestry Act, 1984 (Amended 1993), Sect. 10 (i).
2.2+ Gazette the PFE.
  1. Map of scale 1 : 250,000.
  2. Depicts gazetted PFE and proposed areas.
  3. Map updated once a year.
 Government Gazette.
2.3+ Cut the external boundaries. #
  1. Boundary width of 2 m .
  2. Boundary trees at intervals 10m apart marked with 3 bands of red paint.
  3. Permanent Forest Reserve Plates placed at intervals of 800 m apart.
  1. Manual Perhutanan Semenanjung Malaysia 1953 (Pindaan 1995), Sek. 3.1, Bab 11 dan Sek. 6.1, Bab 15.
  2. Forest Management Plan for the State Forestry Department
2.4+ Maintain the external boundaries. Maintenance interval once in 5 years.
  1. Forest Management Plan for the State Forestry Department
  2. Maintenance records.
2.5+ Excision from the PFE.
  1. Excision notification.
  2. Excision plan.
  1. National Forestry Act, 1984 (Amended 1993),Sect. 11 and 13.
  2. Government Gazette.
2.6+ Replace the excised PFE.
  1. Gazette notification.
  2. Gazette plan.
  1. National Forestry Act, 1984 (Amended 1993), Sect. 7.
  2. Government Gazette.
  1. Plantation establishment targets, present age class distributions and annual planting regimes. #
 3.1+ Identify areas for forest plantation establishment within the PFE.#
  1. Map of scale 1 : 50,000.
  2. Depicts areas planted and those planned for planting in the PFE.
  3. Map updated once a year.
 Forest Management Plan for the State Forestry Department.
3.2+ Identify areas for forest plantation establishment outside the PFE.#
  1. Map of scale 1 : 50,000.
  2. Depicts areas planted and those planned for planting outside the PFE.
  3. Map updated once a year.
 Land use map.
3.3+ Establish forest plantations within the PFE.
  1. Initial planting stock of at least 900 plants/ha for short rotation and not less than 300 plants/ha for long rotation species.
  • less than 10 years for pulpwood and panel products.
  • 10-20 years for general utility timber.
  • more than 20 years for high quality timber.
  1. Planting records.
  2. Felling and planting programme.
  3. Forest Protection Plan (fire, pests and diseases, etc.).
 Panduan Penubuhan Ladang Spesies Cepat Tumbuh.
3.4+ Establish forest plantations outside the PFE.
  1. Initial planting stock of at least 900 plants/ha for short rotation and not less than 300 plants/ha for long rotation species.
  • less than 10 years for pulpwood and panel products.
  • 10-20 years for general utility timber.
  • more than 20 years for high quality timber.
  1. Planting records.
  2. Felling and planting programme.
  3. Forest Protection Plan (fire, pests and diseases, etc.).
  1. Panduan Penubuhan Ladang Spesies Cepat Tumbuh.
  2. Forest Plantation Development and Management Plan prepared by the private sector.
  1. Plantation establishment of non-wood forest produce and annual planting targets.
 4.1+ Identify areas for plantation of non-wood forest produce within the PFE.
  1. Map of scale 1 : 50,000.
  2. Depicts areas planted and those planned for planting in the PFE.
  3. Map updated once a year.
 National Forestry Act, 1984 (Amended 1993), Sect. 10.
4.2+ Identify areas for plantation of non-wood forest produce outside the PFE.
  1. Map of scale 1 : 50,000.
  2. Depicts areas planted and those planned for planting outside the PFE.
  3. Map updated once a year.
 Land use map.
4.3+ Establish plantations within the PFE.
  1. Planting records.
  2. Harvesting and planting programme.
  3. Forest Protection Plan (fire, pests and diseases, etc.).
 Forest Management Plan for the State Forestry Department
4.4+ Establish plantations outside the PFE.
  1. Planting records.
  2. Harvesting and planting programme.
  3. Forest Protection Plan (fire, pests and diseases, etc.).
 Forest Plantation Development and Management Plan prepared by the private sector.
  1. Areas of Protection Forest and Production Forest within the PFE.
 5.1+ Identify the Protection and Production Forests within the PFE. #
  1. Map of scale 1:50,000.
  2. Demarcates areas of protection and production forests.
  3. Depicts compartment boundaries and 11 functional use classes.
  4. Map updated once a year.
  1. National Forestry Act, 1984 (Amended 1993), Sect. 10
  2. Forest Management Plan for the State Forestry Department
5.2+ Allocate the Protection and Production Forests within the PFE. ##
  1. Map of scale 1:50,000.
  2. Demarcates areas of protection and production forests.
  3. Depicts compartment boundaries and 11 functional use classes.
  4. Depicts the gazetted 11 functional use classes.
  5. Map updated once a year.
  1. National Forestry Act, 1984 (Amended 1993), Sect. 10
  2. Forest Management Plan for the State Forestry Department
  1. The representativeness of the protected areas network and the current or planned reservation programme.
 6.1+ Identify areas for national/state parks, wildlife sanctuaries, marine reserves/parks and Virgin  Jungle Reserves (VJRs).###
  1. Map of scale 1: 50,000.
  2. Depicts national/state parks, wildlife sanctuaries, marine reserves/parks and VJRs.
  3. VJRs size of at least 150 ha as of 1987 with buffer strip of 20 m width.
  4. Map updated once a year.
  1. Panduan Penubuhan dan Penyelenggaraan Kawasan-kawasan Simpanan Hutan Dara.
  2. Manual Perhutanan Semenanjung Malaysia 1953 (Pindaan 1995), Sek. 4.2, Bab 18.
6.2+ AIlocate/gazette the national/state parks, wildlife sanctuaries, marine reserves/parks and Virgin Jungle Reserves (VJRs).
  1. Map of scale 1: 50,000.
  2. Depicts national/state parks, wildlife sanctuaries, marine reserves/parks and VJRs.
  3. VJRs size of at least 150 ha as of 1987 with buffer strip of 20 m width.
  4. Map updated once a year.
  1. Panduan Penubuhan dan Penyelenggaraan Kawasan-kawasan Simpanan Hutan Dara.
  2. Manual Perhutanan Semenanjung Malaysia 1953 (Pindaan 1995), Sek. 4.2, Bab 18.
  3. Government Gazette.
6.3+ Cut external boundaries.
  1. Boundary width of 2m.
  2. Boundary trees at intervals of 10m apart marked with 3 bands of red paint.
  3. Permanent Forest Reserve Plates placed at intervals of 800m apart.
  1. Manual Perhutanan Semenanjung Malaysia 1953 (Pindaan 1995), Sek.3.1, Bab 11 dan Sek. 6.1, Bab 15.
  2. Forest Management Plan for the State Forestry Department.
6.4 Maintain the external boundaries. Maintenance interval once in 5 years. Maintenance records.
B. The Continuity Of Flow
  1. National production statistics of Forest Products over time.
 7.1+ Report on the production statistics of forest products. Monthly reports on production. Shuttle Return No.I.
  1. Documentation of logging (area) histories over times.
 8.1+ Report on the annual areas cut over time. Quarterly reports on areas logged. Shuttle Return No. VII.
  1. Proposed cutting cycle length for major forest types, and standard concession lengths.
 9.1+ Determine the cutting cycle length for :-   Forest Management Plan for the State Forestry Department.
- Dipterocarp Forest 30 - 55 years.
- Peat Swamp Forest 40 - 60 years.
- Mangrove Forest 20 - 30 years.
9.2+ Determine the optimum concession length for :-   May be extended for another term based on good performance.
- Dipterocarp Forest 30 - 55 years.
- Peat Swamp Forest 40 - 60 years.
- Mangrove Forest 20 - 30 years.
  1. Regulation of initial harvesting rates in relation to defined cutting cycles and net area of production forest.
 10.1+ Prescribe Annual Allowable Cuts (AACs) in the Production Forest of the PFE for :-
  • Dipterocarp Forest
  • Peat Swamp Forest
  • Mangrove Forest
  1. Annual Coupe = Net Harvestable Production Area divided by Cutting Cycle Length (ha/yr).
  2. Annual volume removed be less than or equal to Mean Commercial Annual Increment (m3/ha/yr).
 Panduan Penentuan Catuan Tebangan Tahunan Bagi Negeri-negeri Di Semenanjung Malaysia.
10.2+ Monitor the implementation of the AACs. Quarterly reports on areas logged and volume removed. Shuttle Return No. VII.
  1. Regulation of subsequent harvesting in relation to increment data and the net area of production forest.
 11.1+ Establish permanent sample plots (PSPs). # At least one PSP for each forest type.
  1. Panduan Penubuhan Petak Contoh Kekal Ladang Hutan Kompensatori.
  2. Panduan Penubuhan Petak Sampel Kekal dan Cara-cara Mengisi Kad Bancian Untuk Hutan Asli Projek ITTO.
11.2+ Assess/analyse increment data from PSPs. Record of growth and yield data.  
11.3+ Determine the net production areas of the PFE. Total forest area less roads and road reserves, rivers and buffer zones, protection areas, research plots, conservation areas, etc. Panduan Penentuan Catuan Tebangan Tahunan Hutan Bagi Negeri-negeri di Semenanjung Malaysia.
11.4+ Revise the AACs based on increment data for subsequent cuts for :-
  • Dipterocarp Forest
  • Peat Swamp Forest
  • Mangrove Forest
 Annual volume removed be less than or equal to Mean Commercial Annual Increment (m3/ha/yr).  
11.5+ Implement the revised AACs.
  1. Annual Coupe = Net Harvestable Production Area divided by Cutting Cycle Length (ha/yr).
  2. Annual volume removed be less than orequal to Mean Commercial Annual Increment (m3/ha/yr).
 Annual Forest Operation Plan.
11.6 Monitor the implementation of the revised AACs. Quarterly reports on areas logged and volume removed. Shuttle Return No.VII.
  1. Steps taken to harmonise the first and subsequent cutting cycles and manage the transition from the first to the second cutting cycle.
 12.1+ Formulate pre-felling forest inventory. Sampling design be statistically sound and cost-effective for prescribing appropriate cutting limits.
  1. Panduan Kerja Luar Inventori Sebelum Tebangan.
  2. Panduan Intepretasi Keputusan Inventori Sebelum Tebangan.
  3. Manual Perhutanan Semenanjung Malaysia 1953 (Pindaan 1995), Sek. 4.1.3, Bab 15.
12.2+ Implement pre-felling forest inventory for :-
  • Dipterocarp Forest
  • Peat Swamp Forest
  • Mangrove Forest
 Dipterocarp and Peat Swamp Forest
Systematic line plots with the principle plots being 20m x 50m and a sampling intensity of 10%.
  • operations carried out 1-2 years before felling.
  • stock map of scale 1: 5,000.
  • stand and stock tables.
Mangrove Forest
Systematic circular line plots of radius 5m and a sampling intensity of 2%.
  1. Panduan Kerja Luar Inventori Sebelum Tebangan (Pindaan) 1985.
  2. Manual Perhutanan Semenanjung Malaysia 1953 (Pindaan 1995), Sek. 4.1.3, Bab 15.
12.3+ Monitor the implementation of the pre-felling forest inventory. Field inspection reports.  
12.4+ Formulate appropriate harvesting rules for :-
  • Dipterocarp Forest
  • Peat Swamp Forest
  • Mangrove Forest
  • Plantation Forest
 Dipterocarp Forest
55 years cutting cycle.
  • cutting limits for all trees be greater than or equal to 45cm dbh.
30 years cutting cycle.
  • cutting limits for the non-dipterocarp species be greater than or equal to 45cm dbh.
  • cutting limits for dipterocarp species be greater than or equal to 50cm dbh.
  • difference between the cutting limits prescribed for the dipterocarp and non-dipterocarp species be at least 5cm.
  • residual stand of 32 sound commercial trees per ha. With dbh greater than or equal to 30cm or its equivalence.
  • percentage of dipterocarp species in the residual stand be greater than or equal to the percentage in the original stand of trees of 30cm dbh and above.
Peat Swamp Forest
40-60 years cutting cycle.
  • cutting limits for the non-dipterocarp species be greater than or equal to 45cm dbh.
  • cutting limits for dipterocarp species be greater than or equal to 50cm dbh.
  • difference between cutting limits prescribed for the dipterocarp and non-dipterocarp species be at least 5cm.
  • residual stand of 32 sound commercial trees per ha. With dbh greater than or equal to 30cm or its equivalence.
  • percentage of dipterocarp species in the residual stand be greater than or equal to the percentage in the original stand of trees of 30cm dbh and above.
Mangrove Forest
Clear felling with rotations of 20-30 years.

Plantation Forest
Clear felling on planted areas, excluding buffer zones.

 Panduan Penentuan Had Batas Tebangan dari Maklumat-maklumat Inventori Hutan Sebelum Tebangan.
12.5+ Implement harvesting rules for :-
  • Dipterocarp Forest
  • Peat Swamp Forest
  • Mangrove Forest
  • Plantation Forest
 Dipterocarp Forest
  1. All trees for felling marked, tagged and mapped.
  2. Direction of felling marked.
  3. Trees equal to and those above cutting limits for environmental protection marked.
  4. Seed trees marked and mapped.
  5. Buffer zones for riparian protection marked.
Peat Swamp Forest
  1. All trees for felling marked, tagged and mapped.
  2. Direction of felling marked.
  3. Trees equal to and those above cutting limits for environmental protection marked.
  4. Seed trees marked and mapped.
  5. Buffer zones for riparian protection marked.
Mangrove Forest
  1. Clear felled all trees including Rhizophora species.
  2. Buffer zones - river bank with width of 3-5m.
  • seaward with width of 50-200m
Plantation Forest
Clear felled, excluding buffer zones.
  1. Panduan Pengusahasilan Hutan.
  2. Panduan Pelaksanaan Penandaan Pokok Dengan Cara Timber Tagging.
  3. Buku Penandaan Pokok.
  4. Panduan Penentuan Had Tebangan Dari Maklumat-maklumat Inventori Hutan Sebelum Tebangan.
  5. Panduan Pengusahasilan Hutan Melalui Kawalan Isipadu
  6. Guidelines for Logging in the Hill Forest, Peninsular Malaysia.
  7. Garis Panduan Pembalakan Dalam Kawasan Tadahan Air.
12.6+ Monitor the implementation of the harvesting rules. Field inspection reports.
  1. Buku Penandaan Pokok.
  2. Laporan Penutup.
  3. Tree location maps.
12.7+ Formulate post-felling forest inventory. Sampling design be statistically sound and cost-effective for assessing the status after logging. Panduan Kerja Luar Inventori Selepas Tebangan.
12.8+ Implement post-felling forest inventory for :-
  • Dipterocarp Forest
  • Peat Swamp Forest
  • Mangrove Forest
 Dipterocarp and Peat Swamp Forests
Systematic line plot with the principle plots being 20m x 50m and a sampling intensity of 10%.
  • operations carried out 2-5 years after felling.
  • stock map of scale 1: 5,000.
  • stand and stock tables.
Mangrove Forest
100% survey of natural regeneration.
  1. Panduan Kerja Luar Inventori Selepas Tebangan.
  2. Panduan Interpretasi Keputusan Inventori Selepas Tebangan.
  3. Manual Perhutanan Semenanjung Malaysia 1953 (Pindaan 1995), Sek. 5.1, Bab 16.
12.9+ Monitor the implementation of the psot-felling forest inventory. Field inspection reports.  
12.10+ Carry out silvicultural treatments/rehabilitation of logged-over forests, where necessary, for :-
  • Dipterocarp Forest
  • Peat Swamp Forest
  • Mangrove Forest
  • Plantation Forest
 Dipterocarp Forest
  1. GCL (Girdling and Cutting Lianas).
  • map of scale 1:5,000 depicting compartment boundaries, treatment blocks, contours, base lines, date of operation,, etc.
  • all woody climbers cut.
  • woody climbers with 2 cm diameter and above poisoned.
  • stemless palms competing with the Regeneration species (RS) cut.
  • deformed RS and non-RS species competing with the RS species girdled.
  • operations carried out 3-5 years after felling.
  1. CL (Cutting Lianas).
  • map of scale 1:5,000 depicting compartment boundaries, contours, base lines, treatment blocks, date of operation,, etc.
  • all woody climbers cut.
  • woody climbers with 2 cm diameter and above poisoned.
  • operations carried out 3-5 years after felling.
  1. Pek. KPP Bil. 1/96 - Peraturan Menggelang Pokok Dan Memotong Akar/Pepanjat (GCL).
  2. Manual Perhutanan Semenanjung Malaysia 1953 (Pindaan 1995), Sek. 5.2, Bab 16.
  3. Forest Management Plan for the State Forestry Department.
  1. Enrichment Planting.
  • map of scale 1 : 5,000 depicting compartment boundaries, contours, planting blocks, planting lines, date of planting,, etc.
  • initial planting stocking of at least 300 plants per ha.
  • operations carried out 3-5 years after felling.
  1. Handbook on Enrichment Planting .
  2. Pek. KPP Bil. 2/96 - Panduan Aktiviti Tanaman Mengaya.
  1. T1/T2 (Treatments 1 / 2).
  • map of scale 1 : 5,000 depicting compartment boundaries, contours, treatment blocks, date of operation, etc.
  • all woody climbers cut.
  • woody climbers with 2cm diameter and above poisoned.
  • stemless palms competing with the Regeneration species (RS) cut.
  • deformed RS and non-RS species competing with the RS species girdled.
  • operations carried out 8-10 years and 20 years after felling.
  1. Pek. KPP Bil. 1/96-Peraturan Menggelang PokokDan Memotong Akar/Pepanjat (GCL).
  2. Manual Perhutanan Semenanjung Malaysia 1953 (Pindaan 1995), Sek. 5.2, Bab 16.
Mangrove Forest
  1. Natural regeneration adequate.
  2. Acrostichum species slashed and poisoned.
  3. Enrichment planting, if natural regeneration inadequate.
  • 1.2m x 1.2m for Rhizophora apiculata.
  • 1.8 m x 1.8 m for Rhizophora mucronata.
  • buffer zones - river bank with width of 3-5m.

    • - seaward with width of 50-200m.
Forest Management Plan for the State Forestry Department.
Plantation Forest
  1. Initial planting stock of at least 900 plants/ha for short rotation and not less than 300 plants/ha for long rotation species.
  • less than 10 years for pulpwood and panel products.
  • 10-20 years for general utility timber.
  • more than 20 years for high quality timber.
  1. Planting records.
  2. Felling and planting programme.
  3. Forest Protection Plan (fire, pests and diseases, etc.).
 Forest Management Plan for the State Forestry Department.
12.11+ Harvest the forest plantation. Clear felling of planted areas, excluding buffer zones. Forest Management Plan for the State Forestry Department.
12.12+ Replant the harvested forest plantation.
  1. Initial planting stock of at least 900 plants/ha for short rotationand not less than 300 plants/ha for long rotation species.
  • less than 10 years for pulpwood and panel products.
  • 10-20 years for general utility timber.
  • more than 20 years for high quality timber.
  1. Planting records.
  2. Felling and planting programme.
  3. Forest Protection Plan (fire, pests and diseases, etc.).
 Forest Management Plan for the State Forestry Department.
12.13+ Provide incentives to improve sustained yield level. Federal Incentives
Pioneer Status for 10 years or Investment Tax Allowance (ITA) for 5 years for forest plantations established by the private sector.		 Budget Speech 1993 by Finance Minister, Malaysia.
  1. Wood production targets over time from various sources.
 13.1+ Project the level of wood production from the Production Forest of the PFE based on the prescribed AACs. Dipterocarp Forest
  1. 55 years cutting cycle: 77 m3/ha (net).
  2. 30 years cutting cycle: 61 m3/ha (net).
Peat Swamp Forest
40-60 years cutting cycle: 40-50m3/ha(net).

Mangrove Forest
20-30 years cutting cycle: 120-190 m3/ha (net).

 Forest Management Plan for the State Forestry Department.
13.2+ Project the level of wood production from the Conversion Forest based on the principle of full resource utilisation. # Clear felling with an average production of 30m3/ha (net). Forest Management Plan for the State Forestry Department.
13.3+ Project the level of wood production from forest plantation. Final clear felling of Acacia mangium with an average production of 180 m3/ha (net). Forest Management Plan for the State Forestry Department.
13.4+ Project the level of wood production from perennial agricultural tree crop plantation. ## Clear felling of rubber plantation during replanting with an average production of 27 m3/ha. Forest Management Plan for the State Forestry Department.
13.5+ Monitor all the projected levels of production. Monthly reports on production. Shuttle Return No.1.
  1. The availability of silvicultural prescriptions for the major forest types.
 14.1 Formulate appropriate silvicultural prescriptions for :-
  • Dipterocarp Forest
  • Peat Swamp Forest
  • Mangrove Forest
  • Plantation Forest
 Dipterocarp Forest
GCL (Girdling and Cutting Lianas).
  • map of scale 1:5,000 depicting compartment boundaries, treatment blocks, contours, base lines, date of operation, etc.
  • all woody climbers cut.
  • woody climbers with 2 cm diameter and above poisoned.
  • stemless palms competing with Regeneration species (RS) cut.
  • deformed RS and non-RS species competing with the RS species girdled.
  • operations carried out 3-5 years after felling.
CL (Cutting Lianas).
  • map of scale 1:5,000 depicting compartment boundaries, contours, base lines, treatment blocks, date of operation,etc.
  • all woody climbers cut.
  • woody climbers with 2 cm diameter and above poisoned.
  • operations carried out 3-5 years after felling.
  1. Pek. KPP Bil. 1/96 - Peraturan Menggelang Pokok Dan Memotong Akar/Pepanjat (GCL).
  2. Manual Perhutanan Semenanjung Malaysia 1953 (Pindaan 1995), Sek. 5.2, Bab 16.
  3. Forest Management Plan for the State Forestry Department.
Enrichment Planting.
  • map of scale 1 : 5,000 depicting compartment boundaries, contours, planting blocks, planting lines, date of planting, etc.
  •  initial planting stocking of at least 300 plants per ha.
  • operations carried out 3-5 years after felling.
  1. Handbook on Enrichment Planting.
  2. Pek. KPP Bil. 2/96 - Panduan Aktiviti Tanaman Mengaya.
T1/T2 (Treatments 1 / 2).
  • map of scale 1 : 5,000 depicting compartment boundaries, contours, treatment blocks, date of operation, etc.
  • all woody climbers cut.
  • woody climbers with 2cm diameter and above poisoned.
  • stemless palms competing with the Regeneration species (RS) cut.
  • deformed RS and non-RS species competing with the RS  species girdled.
  • operations carried out 8-10 years and 20 years after felling.
  1. Pek. KPP Bil. 1/96 - Peraturan Menggelang PokokDan Memotong Akar/Pepanjat (GCL).
  2. Manual Perhutanan Semenanjung Malaysia 1953 (Pindaan 1995), Sek. 5.2, Bab 16.
Mangrove Forest
  1. Natural regeneration adequate.
  2. Acrostichum species slashed and poisoned.
  3. Enrichment planting, if natural regeneration inadequate.
  • 1.2m x 1.2m for Rhizophora apiculata
  • 1.8 m x 1.8 m for Rhizophora mucronata.
  • buffer zones - river bank with width of 3-5m.

    • - seaward with width of 50-200m.
Forest Management Plan for the State Forestry Department.
Plantation Forest
  1. Initial planting stock of at least 900 plants/ha for short rotation and not less than 300 plants/ha for long rotation species.
  • less than 10 years for pulpwood and panel products.
  • 10-20 years for general utility timber.
  • more than 20 years for high quality timber.
  1. Planting records.
  2. Felling and planting programme.
  3. Forest Protection Plan (fire, pests and diseases, etc.).
 Forest Management Plan for the State Forestry Department.
14.2+ Implement the formulated silvicultural prescriptions, where necessary. Dipterocarp Forest
GCL (Girdling and Cutting Lianas).
  • map of scale 1:5,000 depicting compartment boundaries, treatment blocks, contours, base lines, date of operation, etc.
  • all woody climbers cut.
  • woody climbers with 2 cm diameter and above poisoned.
  • stemless palms competing with Regeneration species (RS) cut.
  • deformed RS and non-RS species competing with the RS species girdled.
  • operations carried out 3-5 years after felling.
CL (Cutting Lianas).
  • map of scale 1:5,000 depicting compartment boundaries, contours, base lines, treatment blocks, date of operation, etc.
  • all woody climbers cut.
  • woody climbers with 2 cm diameter and above poisoned.
  • operations carried out 3-5 years after felling.
  1. Pek. KPP Bil. 1/96 - Peraturan Menggelang Pokok Dan Memotong Akar/Pepanjat (GCL).
  2. Manual Perhutanan Semenanjung Malaysia 1953 (Pindaan 1995), Sek. 5.2, Bab 16.
  3. Forest Management Plan for the State Forestry Department.
Enrichment Planting.
  • map of scale 1 : 5,000 depicting compartment boundaries, contours, planting blocks, planting lines, date of planting, etc.
  • initial planting stocking of at least 300 plants per ha.
  • operations carried out 3-5 years after felling.
  1. Handbook on Enrichment Planting.
  2. Pek. KPP Bil. 2/96 - Panduan Aktiviti Tanaman Mengaya.
T1/T2 (Treatments 1 / 2).
  • map of scale 1 : 5,000 depicting compartment boundaries, contours, treatment blocks, date of operation, etc.
  • all woody climbers cut.
  • woody climbers with 2cm diameter and above poisoned.
  • stemless palms competing with the Regeneration species (RS) cut.
  • deformed RS and non-RS species competing with the RS species gridled.
  • operations carried out 8-10 years and 20 years after felling.
  1. Pek. KPP Bil. 1/96 - Peraturan Menggelang Pokok Dan Memotong Akar/Pepanjat (GCL).
  2. Manual Perhutanan Semenanjung Malaysia 1953 (Pindaan 1995), Sek. 5.2, Bab 16.
Mangrove Forest
  1. Natural regeneration adequate.
  2. Acrostichum species slashed and poisoned.
  3. Enrichment planting, if natural regeneration inadequate.
  • 1.2m x 1.2m for Rhizophora apiculata.
  • 1.8 m x 1.8 m for Rhizophora mucronata.
  • buffer zones - river bank with width of 3-5m.

    • - seaward with width of 50-200m.
Plantation Forest
  1. Initial planting stock of at least 900 plants/ha for short rotation  and not less than 300 plants/ha for long rotation species.
  • less than 10 years for pulpwood and panel products.
  • 10-20 years for general utility timber.
  • more than 20 years for high quality timber.
  1. Planting records.
  2. Felling and planting programme.
  3. Forest Protection Plan (fire, pests and diseases, etc.).
 Forest Management Plan for the State Forestry Department.
14.3 Monitor the implementation of the silvicultural prescriptions. Field inspection reports.   
C. The Level Of Environment Control
  1. Management prescriptions for other non-production components of the PFE.
 15.1 Formulate management prescriptions for the other non-production components of the PFE.
  • Soil protection forest
  • Soil reclaimation forest
  • Flood control forest
  • Water catchment forest
  • Forest sanctuary for wildlife
  • Virgin Jungle Reserve
  • Amenity forest
  • Education forest
  • Research forest
  • Forest for federal purposes
 To be developed.  
15.2 Implement the formulated management prescriptions. Pending on the completion of Activity 15.1
15.3 Monitor the implementation of the management prescriptions Field inspection reports.
  1. The availability of engineering, watershed, protection and other environmental management prescriptions for production forests.
 16.1+ Formulate engineering, watershed protection and other environmental management prescriptions for the production forests, especially road specifications. Forest road specifications not adversely affecting the carrying capacity of the site. Spesifikasi Jalan-jalan Hutan Untuk Semenanjung Malaysia.
16.2+ Implement the formulated management prescriptions, where necessary, especially the formulated forest road specifications.
  1. Map of scale 1:5,000 depicting permanent roads, tracks and skid trails.
  2. Road density.
  • permanent roads of less than or equal to 40 m/ha.
  • tracks and skid trails of less than or equal to 300 n/ha.
  1. Vertical alignment.
  • road gradient (permanent roads) of less than or equal to 20%.
  • length of slope of less than or equal to 200 m.
  1. Cross-section.
  • canopy opening for permanent roads of less than or equal to 20m
  • right of way of less than or equal to 12 m.
  • road formation of less than or equal to 4 m.
  • pavement material - forest floor.
  • road camber - 1:20 (straight).
  1. Drainage system.
  • side drain (earth) - 0.6m x 0.2m (min).
  • culvert (concrete/log) - 90cm diameter (located @ valleys, stream crossing etc.).
  • bridge - 3.5 m width (min).
  1. Side slope (protected with cover crops/turfs).
  • cut - earth 1 : 1 (max.).
  • fill - earth 1 : 1 1/2.
  1. Earth works.
  • excess earth - disposed to approved dump site.
  • silt traps - on erosion prone areas.
  1. Rainy weather.
  • wet roads - traffic prohibited.
  1. All skidding activities be confined within predetermined skid trails.
  1. Specifications apply to ground skidding (crawler tractor system) only.
  2. Spesifikasi Jalan-jalan Hutan Untuk Semenanjung Malaysia.
  3. Pelan Jalan Hutan
16.3+ Monitor the implementation of management prescriptions, especially forest road specifications. Field inspection reports.  
  1. Availability of environmental assessment procedures.
 17.1+ Formulate environmental assessment guidelines for forest harvesting operations.
  1. At least 5% of the areas be reserved for conservation purposes.
  2. Logging in the protected riparian forests prohibited.
  3. Road gradient on ridges be less than or equal to 20%.
 EIA Guidelines for Forest Harvesting of Natural Forests.
17.2+ Prepare environmental impact assessment (EIA) report before harvesting as required under the Environmental Quality Act, 1974 (Amended 1985) EIA reports for logging covering more than 500ha.
  1. Environmental Quality Act, 1974 (Amended 1985).
  2. EIA Reports.
17.3+ Implement environmental measures as recommended in the  EIA report. Prescribed mitigation measures implemented. EIA Reports.
17.4+ Monitor the implementation of the environmental measures. Field inspection reports.  
D. Socio-Economic Effects
  1. Employment patterns and trends.
 18.1+ Report on direct employment in logging, processing, marketing, managing and administrative segments of the forestry sector. Quarterly reports on direct employment in the logging and wood processing sectors. Shuttle Return No. IV, V, VII and VIII.
  1. Income generation and distribution patterns.
 19.1+ Report on the contributions in terms of forest revenue to the State Governments. Monthly Revenue Statements. Ledger Account.
19.2 Report on the contributions in terms of foreign exchange earnings to the country. Annual Trade Statistics. Statistics Department, Malaysia.
19.3 Report on the contributions to Gross and Domestic National Products. Annual National Account Statements. Statistics Department, Malaysia.
  1. National revenue and expenditure budgets for forest management.
 20.1+ Report on forest revenue to State Governments. Monthly Revenue Statements. Ledger Account.
20.2+ Allocate Federal budget for forest management.# Approved Annual Federal Development Budget. Annual Allocation Warrant.
20.3+ Allocate State budget for forest management.# Approved Annual State Development Budget. Annual Allocation Warrant.
20.4+ Allocate funds from the Forest Development Fund as established under the National Forestry Act, 1984 (Amended 1993), for forest development. Approved Annual Budget from the Forest Development Fund.
  1. National Forestry Act 1984 (Amended 1993), Sect. 56-60.
  2. Vote Book.
20.5+ Monitor the expenditure of the allocations given. Monthly Expenditure Statements. Vote Book.
  1. Expenditure budgets for forest administration.
 21.1+ Allocate Federal budget for forest administration. Approved Annual Federal Administrative Budget. Annual Allocation Warrant.
21.2+ Allocate State budget for forest administration. Approved Annual State Administrative Budget. Annual Allocation Warrant.
21.3+ Monitor the expenditure of the allocations given. Monthly Expenditure Statements. Vote Book.
E. Institutional Frameworks
  1. Existence of a National Forestry Policy.
 22.1 Formulate a National Forestry Policy. Consistent with sustainable forest management. National Forestry Policy, 1978 (Revised 1992).
22.2 Implement the National Forestry Policy.
  1. Present areas of PFE secured.
  2. Approved annual coupe of 46,040ha and a yield of 3.1 million m3 for the period 1996-2000 adhered.
  3. Annual log production is less than or equal to Mean Commercial Annual Increment (m3/ha/yr).
  4. Soil loss as compared to natural rate under undisturbed conditions not exceeded by a factor of 2 for each cutting cycle.
  5. Water quality variables as compared to natural level under undisturbed conditions not exceeded by a factor of 2 for each cutting cycle.
  
22.3 Monitor the implementation of the National Forestry Policy. Field inspection reports.  
  1. Adequacy of a legislative framework to implement national forestry policies and management plans.
 23.1 Assess the adequacy of the legislative framework to implement national forestry policies and management plans. Legislative framework adequate to implement the National Forestry Policy. National Forestry Act, 1984, (Amended 1993) Sect. 10(i).
23.2 Revise the legislative framework, where applicable. Legislative framework revised in consonance with changes in the National Forestry Policy. National Forestry Act, 1984, (Amended 1993)
  1. Adequacy of legislation to regulate harvesting and specific instruments eg. concession agreements.
 24.1 Assess the adequacy of the legislation to regulate forest harvesting. Current legislation on forest harvesting consistent with sustainable forest harvesting. National Forestry Act, 1984 (Amended 1993), Sect. 19-31
24.2 Revise the legislation, where applicable. Legislation revised in line with changes in focus and demand of sustainable forest harvesting. National Forestry Act, 1984 (Amended 1993), Sect. 19-31
  1. Adequacy of human and financial resources to meet legislative and administrative responsibilities in sustainable forest management.
 25.1  Assess the adequacy of human resources to ensure sustainable forest management.# At least 10 professional foresters for each FMU.
  1. List of personnel employed.
  2. Organization chart.
25.2 Assess the adequacy of financial resources to ensure sustainable forest management.# Approved annual budget in relation to the total required for sustainable forest management.  
25.3 Provide adequate human resources to ensure sustainable forest management (number of positions).# Approved number of positions in relation to the total required to achieve sustainable forest management.
  1. List of positions approved.
  2. Organization chart.
25.4 Provide adequate financial resources to ensure sustainable forest management.# Approved annual budget in relation to the amount required for sustainable forest management.   
  1. Community Consultation.
 26.1+ Hold consultations with concerned communities at the village, district, state and federal levels via the established consultative committees.
  1. Monthly Meeting of State Action Committee.
  2. Monthly Meeting of State Development Committee.
 Minutes of the Meetings.
26.2+ Notify public through the gazettement of PFE, national parks and wildlife sanctuary, etc. Gazette Notification. Government Gazette.
  1. Existence of management plans and provision for their implementation.
 27.1+ Formulate forest management plan.# Forest management plans in consonance with National Forestry Policy. National Forestry Act, 1984 (Amended 1993), Sect. 4.
27.2+ Implement the forest management plan.# Forest management plan consistent with the principles of sustainable forest management. National Forestry Policy, 1978 (Revised 1992), Sect. 3.3.1.
27.3+ Monitor the implementation of the forest management plan. Field inspection reports. Quarterly progress reports on forest development projects (financial and physical achievements).

# emphasis should be given to Principle 11 of the ITTO Guidelines on the Conservation of Biological Diversity in Tropical Production Forests.
+ these Activities are also being identified at the Forest Management Unit Level.



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